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>> Narrator: The Voyager's
approach to Jupiter,

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the celestial body
that so fascinated

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Earth's first modern
astronomer, Galileo.

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Passing through the
boundary where the

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supersonic solar wind slams
into Jupiter's magnetic field,

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the spacecraft's instruments
recorded a strong bounce shock.

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Named after Jove, the supreme
god of Roman mythology,

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Jupiter is an enormous whirling
sphere of turbulent gasses.

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Big enough to hold
over 1,300 Earths.

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The Voyagers discovered
thin rings of dust

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circling the planet.

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Tiny grains containing
silicon and carbon

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like a fine haze
of ash and smoke.

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Jupiter's atmosphere
displays a dazzling variety

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of alternating patterns.

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Cold, light colored
zones dominated by

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ammonia ice crystals in
the higher altitudes.

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And warmer dark belts of
solid sulfurous particles

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in the lower altitudes.

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Voyager's cameras afforded
scientists spectacular

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close-up views of
the Great Red Spot.

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A storm three times
the diameter of Earth,

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raging in Jupiter's atmosphere.

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Voyager atmospheric scientist,
Dr. Andrew Ingersoll.

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>> Dr. Ingersoll: The
great red spot is a

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counterclockwise rotating
storm, sort of like a hurricane,

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that is persisted for
over three centuries.

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We were amazed that
this spot could survive

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in the midst of all
this turbulent activity.

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>> Narrator: With at
least 16 known moons,

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Jupiter could well be
considered a mini solar system.

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The Voyagers flew
by the four largest,

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finding Callisto
pock-marked by craters.

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Ganymede, etched by
icy parallel grooves.

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Europa, smooth and icy.

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And Io, glowing a cold
and sulfurous red-orange.

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Nine active volcanoes
were found on Io,

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the first observation
of live volcanoes

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beyond Earth and Venus.

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These geysers were spewing
hot, sulfurous gasses

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100 miles.

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High enough to hit
a passing satellite.

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Voyager project scientist,
Dr. Edward Stone.

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>> Dr. Stone: If I were
to pick one discovery

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to represent the body
of discoveries that
Voyagers have made

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I would pick the discovery
of the volcanoes on Io.

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These were totally unexpected,

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and really forced us to
reconsider our whole concept

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of the evolution of small moons

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which are orbiting in
the outer solar system.

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>> Narrator: Pulling
away from Jupiter

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after a joint reconnaissance
of more than six months,